0
Journal of Fluids Engineering | Volume 128 | Issue 1 | SPECIAL SECTION ON THE FLUID MECHANICS AND RHEOLOGY OF NONLINEAR MATERIALS AT THE MACRO, MICRO AND NANO SCALE
SPECIAL SECTION ON THE FLUID MECHANICS AND RHEOLOGY OF NONLINEAR MATERIALS AT THE MACRO, MICRO AND NANO SCALE

Swirling Flow of a Viscoelastic Fluid With Free Surface—Part I: Experimental Analysis of Vortex Motion by PIV

[+] Author and Article Information
Jinjia Wei

State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, People’s Republic of China

Fengchen Li

2nd Department, Oshima-lab, Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-5805, Japan

Bo Yu

Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, People’s Republic of China

Yasuo Kawaguchi1

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, China, 278-8510, Japanyasuo@rs.noda.tus.ac.jp

1

Corresponding author.

J. Fluids Eng 128(1), 69-76 (Aug 22, 2005) (8 pages) doi:10.1115/1.2136928 History: Received June 25, 2004; Revised August 22, 2005
Article
References
Figures
Tables
Related
Citing Articles

The swirling flows of water and CTAC (cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) surfactant solutions (50–1000ppm) in an open cylindrical container with a rotating disc at the bottom were experimentally investigated by use of a double-pulsed PIV (particle image velocimetry) system. The flow pattern in the meridional plane for water at the present high Reynolds number of 4.3×104 differed greatly from that at low Reynolds numbers, and an inertia-driven vortex was pushed to the corner between the free surface and the cylindrical wall by a counter-rotating vortex caused by vortex breakdown. For the 1000ppm surfactant solution flow, the inertia-driven vortex located at the corner between the bottom and the cylindrical wall whereas an elasticity-driven reverse vortex governed the majority of the flow field. The rotation of the fluid caused a deformation of the free surface with a dip at the center. The dip was largest for the water case and decreased with increasing surfactant concentration. The value of the dip was related to determining the solution viscoelasticity for the onset of drag reduction.
FIGURES IN THIS ARTICLE
<>
Copyright © 2006 by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Your Session has timed out. Please sign back in to continue.

References

1
Li, F. C., Wang, D. Z., Kawaguchi, Y., and Hishida, K., 2004, “Simultaneous Measurement of Velocity and Temperature Fluctuations in Thermal Boundary Layer in a Drag-Reducing Surfactant Solution Flow,” Exp. Fluids  [CrossRef], 36 , pp. 131–140.
2
Yu, B., Li, F. C., and Kawaguchi, Y., 2004, “Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Turbulent Characteristics in a Drag-Reducing Flow With Surfactant Additives,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow  [CrossRef], 25 , pp. 961–974.
3
Nowak, M., 2003, “Time-Dependent Drag Reduction and Ageing in Aqueous Solutions of a Cationic Surfactant,” Exp. Fluids  [CrossRef], 34 , pp. 397–402.
4
Elson, T. P., and Garside, J., 1983, “Drag Reduction in Aqueous Cationic Soap Solutions,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 12 , pp. 121–133.
5
Ohlendorf, D., Interthal, W., and Hoffmann, H., 1986, “Surfactant Systems for Drag Reduction: Physico-Chemical Properties and Rheological Behavior,” Rheol. Acta  [CrossRef], 25 , pp. 468–486.
6
Rehage, H., Wunderlich, I., and Hoffmann, H., 1986, “Shear Induced Phase Transitions in Dilute Aqueous Surfactant Solution,” Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci., 72 , pp. 51–59.
7
Rose, G. D., and Foster, K. L., 1989, “Drag Reduction and Rheological Properties of Cationic Viscoelastic Surfactant Formulations,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 31 , pp. 59–85.
8
Bewersdorff, H. W., and Thiel, H., 1993, “Turbulence Structure of Dilute Polymer and Surfactant Solution in Artificially Roughened Pipes,” Appl. Sci. Res., 50 , pp. 347–368.
9
Siginer, A., 1984, “General Weissenberg Effect in Free Surface Rheometry, Part I: Analytical Consideration,” ZAMP  [CrossRef], 35 , pp. 545–558.
10
Siginer, A., 1984, “General Weissenberg Effect in Free Surface Rheometry, Part II: Experiments,” ZAMP  [CrossRef], 35 , pp. 618–633.
11
Siginer, A., 1984, “Free Surface on a Simple Fluid Between Rotating Eccentric Cylinders, Part I: Analytical Solution,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 15 , pp. 93–108.
12
Siginer, A., and Beavers, G. S., 1984, “Free Surface on a Simple Fluid Between Rotating Eccentric Cylinders. Part II: Experiments,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 15 , pp. 109–126.
13
Siginer, A., 1991, “Viscoelastic Swirling Flow With Free Surface in Cylindrical Chambers,” Rheol. Acta  [CrossRef], 30 , pp. 159–174.
14
Bien, F., and Penner, S. S., 1970, “Velocity Profiles in Steady and Unsteady Rotating Flows for a Finite Cylindrical Geometry,” Phys. Fluids  [CrossRef], 13 , pp. 1665–1671.
15
Hill, C. T., 1972, “Nearly Viscometric flow of Viscoelastic Fluids in the Disk and Cylindrical System, II: Experimental,” Trans. Soc. Rheol.  [CrossRef], 16 , pp. 213–245.
16
Escudier, M. P., 1984, “Observations of the Flow Produced in a Cylindrical Container by a Rotating End Wall,” Exp. Fluids  [CrossRef], 2 , pp. 189–196.
17
Fujimura, K., Koyama, H. S., and Hyun, J. M., 1997, “Time Dependent Vortex Breakdown in a Cylinder With a Rotating Lid,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 119 , pp. 450–453.
18
Ogino, F., Kawai, K., Dohmoto, T., and Takahashi, T., 1999, “Velocity Distribution of the Flow in a Rotating Cylindrical Container With a Rotating Disc at the Liquid Surface,” Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu, 25 , pp. 29–36.
19
Bohme, G., Rubart, L., and Stenger, M., 1992, “Vortex Breakdown in Shear-Thinning Liquids: Experiment and Numerical Simulation,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 45 , pp. 1–20.
20
Day, C., Harris, J. A., Soria, J., Boger, D. V., and Welsh, M. C., 1996, “Behavior of an Elastic Fluid in Cylindrical Swirling Flows,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.  [CrossRef], 12 , pp. 250–255.
21
Escudier, M. P., and Cullen, L. M., 1996, “Flow of Shear-Thinning Liquid in a Cylindrical Container With a Rotating End Wall,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.  [CrossRef], 12 , pp. 381–384.
22
Xue, S. C., Phan-Thien, N., and Tanner, R. I., 1999, “Fully Three-Dimensional, Time-Dependent Numerical Simulations of Newtonian and Viscoelastic Swirling Flows in a Confined Cylinder-Part I. Method and Steady Flows,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 87 , pp. 337–367.
23
Bowen, P. J., Davies, A. R., and Walters, K., 1991, “On Viscoelastic Effects in Swirling Flows,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 38 , pp. 113–126.
24
Siginer, D. A., 2004, “On the Nearly Viscometric Torsional Motion of Viscoelastic Liquids Between Shrouded Rotating Disks,” ASME J. Appl. Mech.  [CrossRef], 71 , pp. 305–313.
25
Stokes, J. R., Graham, L. J. W., Lawson, N. J., and Boger, D. V., 2001, “Swirling Flow of Viscoelastic Fluids. Part 1. Interaction Between Inertia and Elasticity,” J. Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 429 , pp. 67–115.
26
Stokes, J. R., Graham, L. J. W., Lawson, N. J., and Boger, D. V., 2001, “Swirling Flow of Viscoelastic Fluids. Part 2. Elastic Effects,” J. Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 429 , pp. 67–115.
27
Goller, H., and Ranov, T., 1968, “Unsteady Rotating Flow in a Cylinder With Free Surface,” J. Basic Eng., 90 , pp. 445–454.
28
Arora, K., Sureshkumar, R., Scheiner, M. P., and Piper, J. L., 2002, “Surfactant-Induced Effects on Turbulent Swirling Flows,” Rheol. Acta  [CrossRef], 41 , pp. 25–34.
29
Spohn, A., Mory, M., and Hopfinger, E. J., 1993, “Observation of Vortex Breakdown in an Open Cylindrical Container With a Rotating Bottom,” Exp. Fluids  [CrossRef], 14 , pp. 70–77.
30
Bohme, G., Voss, R., and Warnercke, W., 1985, “Die Frei Oberflache Einer Flussigkeit Uber Einer Rotierenden Scheibe,” Rheol. Acta  [CrossRef], 24 , pp. 22–23.
31
Siginer, D. A., and Knight, R. W., 1993, “Swirling Free Surface Flow in Cylindrical Containers,” J. Eng. Math.  [CrossRef], 27 , pp. 245–264.
32
Siginer, D. A., 1989, “Free Surface on a Viscoelastic Liquid in a Cylinder with Spinning Bottom,” Macromol. Chem., 23 , pp. 73–90.
33
Siginer, D. A., 1986, “Torsional Oscillations of a Rod in a Layered Medium of Simple Fluids,” Int. J. Eng. Sci.  [CrossRef], 24 , pp. 631–640.
34
Kawaguchi, Y., Wei, J. J., Yu, B., and Feng, Z. P., 2003, “Rheological Characterization of Drag-Reducing Cationic Surfactant Solution: Shear and Elongational Viscosities of Dilute Solution,” in Proceedings of the 4th ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference , Honolulu, Hawaii.
35
Yu, B., Wei, J. J., and Kawaguchi, Y., 2004, “Swirling Flow of a Viscoelastic Fluid With Free Surface, Part II: Numerical Analysis With Extended Marker-and-Cell Method,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 128 , pp. 77–87.
36
Giesekus, H., 1982, “A Simple Constitutive Equation for Polymer Fluids Based on the Concept Deformation-Dependent Tensorial Mobility,” J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.  [CrossRef], 11 , pp. 69–109.

Figures

Grahic Jump Location
+Secondary flow patterns in the meridional plane
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Secondary flow patterns in the meridional plane
Figure 3

Secondary flow patterns in the meridional plane

Grahic Jump Location
+Free surface shapes for water and surfactant solutions
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Free surface shapes for water and surfactant solutions
Figure 4

Free surface shapes for water and surfactant solutions

Grahic Jump Location
+Relationship of h∕H with DR for Re=4.3×104
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Relationship of h∕H with DR for Re=4.3×104
Figure 5

Relationship of h∕H with DR for Re=4.3×104

Grahic Jump Location
+Radial distributions of the time-averaged tangential velocities
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Radial distributions of the time-averaged tangential velocities
Figure 6

Radial distributions of the time-averaged tangential velocities

Grahic Jump Location
+Vertical tangential velocity profiles along r∕Rw=0.46
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Vertical tangential velocity profiles along r∕Rw=0.46
Figure 7

Vertical tangential velocity profiles along r∕Rw=0.46

Grahic Jump Location
+Comparison of N1 and ρUθ2 along r∕Rw=0.91
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Comparison of N1 and ρUθ2 along r∕Rw=0.91
Figure 8

Comparison of N1 and ρUθ2 along r∕Rw=0.91

Grahic Jump Location
+Time evolution of the tangential velocities at different radial positions after the rotating disc was stopped
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Time evolution of the tangential velocities at different radial positions after the rotating disc was stopped
Figure 9

Time evolution of the tangential velocities at different radial positions after the rotating disc was stopped

Grahic Jump Location
+Time evolution of the tangential velocities at different axial positions after the rotating disc was stopped
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Time evolution of the tangential velocities at different axial positions after the rotating disc was stopped
Figure 10

Time evolution of the tangential velocities at different axial positions after the rotating disc was stopped

Grahic Jump Location
+Schematic of the test facility
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Schematic of the test facility
Figure 1

Schematic of the test facility

Grahic Jump Location
+Fitting results of the measured shear viscosities with the Giesekus model
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Fitting results of the measured shear viscosities with the Giesekus model
Figure 2

Fitting results of the measured shear viscosities with the Giesekus model

Tables

Errata

Related

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging and repositioning the boxes below.

Related Journal Articles
Related eBook Content
Completing the Picture
Air Engines> Chapter 11
Vortex-Induced Vibration
Flow Induced Vibration of Power and Process Plant Components> Chapter 6
Cavitating Structures at Inception in Turbulent Shear Flow
Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Cavitation (CAV2018)
Processing/Structure/Properties Relationships in Polymer Blends for the Development of Functional Polymer Foams
Advances in Multidisciplinary Engineering
Extended Surfaces
Thermal Management of Microelectronic Equipment, Second Edition
Topic Collections

Sorry! You do not have access to this content. For assistance or to subscribe, please contact us:

  • TELEPHONE: 1-800-843-2763 (Toll-free in the USA)
  • EMAIL: asmedigitalcollection@asme.org
This site uses cookies. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our privacy policy. | Accept
Sign In