0
Journal of Fluids Engineering | Volume 128 | Issue 2 | TECHNICAL PAPERS
TECHNICAL PAPERS

Performance and Internal Flow Characteristics of a Very Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump

[+] Author and Article Information
Young-Do Choi1

Department of Systems Design, Division of Systems Research, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 Japanydchoi@mach.me.ynu.ac.jp

Junichi Kurokawa, Jun Matsui

Department of Systems Design, Division of Systems Research, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

1

Corresponding author.

J. Fluids Eng 128(2), 341-349 (Sep 05, 2005) (9 pages) doi:10.1115/1.2169815 History: Received May 16, 2004; Revised September 05, 2005
Article
References
Figures
Tables
Citing Articles

In very low specific speed range (ns<0.25), the efficiency of the centrifugal pump designed by the conventional method becomes remarkably low. Therefore, positive-displacement pumps have been widely used for long. However, the positive-displacement pumps remain associated with problems such as noise and vibration and they require high manufacturing precision. Since the recently used centrifugal pumps are becoming higher in rotational speed and smaller in size, there appear to be many expectations to develop a new centrifugal pump with high performance in the very low specific speed range. The purpose of this study is to investigate the internal flow characteristics and its influence on the performance of a very low specific speed centrifugal pump. The results show that large reverse flow at the semi-open impeller outlet decreases absolute tangential velocity considerably which in turn decreases the pumping head.
Copyright © 2006 by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Your Session has timed out. Please sign back in to continue.

References

1
Stepanoff, A. J., 1957, "Centrifugal and Axial Flow Pumps", 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, pp. 69–89.
2
Rodgers, C., 1990, “Experiments With a Low-Specific-Speed Partial Emission Centrifugal Compressor,” ASME J. Turbomach., 112 , pp. 30–37.
3
Abramian, M., and Howard, J. H. G., 1994, “Experimental Investigation of the Steady and Unsteady Relative Flow in a Model Centrifugal Impeller Passage,” ASME J. Turbomach., 116 , pp. 269–279.
4
Worster, R. C., 1963, “The Flow in Volutes and Its Effects on Centrifugal Pump Performance,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., 177 (31), pp. 843–871.
5
Kurokawa, J., Matsumoto, K., Matsui, J., and Kitahora, T., 1998, “Performances of Centrifugal Pumps of Very Low Specific Speed,” in "Proceedings of the 19th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation", Singapore, 2, pp. 833–842.
6
Kurokawa, J., Matsumoto, K., Matsui, J., and Imamura, H., 2000, “Performance Improvement and Peculiar Behavior of Disk Friction and Leakage in Very Low Specific-Speed Pumps,” "Proceedings of the 20th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems", Charlotte, USA, CD-ROM Paper No.3B(PD-02).
7
Ohta, H., and Aoki, K., 1990, “Study on Centrifugal Pump for High-Viscosity Liquids (Effect of Impeller Blade Number on the Pump Performance),” Trans. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng., Ser. B, 56 (644), pp. 1702–1707.
8
Minemura, K., Kinoshita, K., Ihara, M., and Egashira, K., 1995, “Effects of Design Parameters on Air-Water Two-Phase Flow Performance of a Radial-Flow Pump,” Trans. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng., Ser. B, 61 (588), pp. 2996–3004.
9
Choi, Y-D., Kurokawa, J., Matsui, J., and Imamura, H., 2002, “Internal flow characteristics of a centrifugal pump with very low specific speed,” in "Proceedings of the 21st IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems", Lausanne, Switzerland, 1, pp. 317–323.
10
Choi, Y-D., Kurokawa, J., Matsui, J., and Imamura, H., 2002, “An Experimental Study on the Internal Flow Characteristics of a Very Low Specific-Speed Centrifugal Pump,” "Proceedings of the 5th JSME-KSME Fluids Engineering Conference", Nagoya, Japan, CD-ROM Paper No. OS16-3-6.
11
Choi, Y-D., Nishino, K., Kurokawa, J., and Matsui, J., 2004, “PIV Measurement of Internal Flow Characteristics of Very Low Specific Speed Semi-open Impeller,” Exp. Fluids  [CrossRef], 37 , pp. 617–630.
12
Raffel, M., Willert, C., and Kompenhans, J., 1998, "Particle Image Velocimetry—A Practical Guide", Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 105–146.
13
Nishino, K., and Torii, K., 1993, “A Fluid-Dynamically Optimum Particle Tracking Method for 2-D PTV: Triple Pattern Matching Algorithm,” in "Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena in Thermal Engineering (ISTP-VI)", Seoul, Korea, pp. 1411–1416.
14
Abernethy, R. B., Benedict, R. P., and Dowdell, R. B., 1985, “ASME Measurement Uncertainty,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 107 , pp. 161–164.
15
Kurokawa, J., and Amasaka, Y., 1983, “A Study on the Internal Flow of Spiral Casing - Part 2: Experimental Determinations of Flow Characteristics in Volutes,” Trans. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng., Ser. B, 49 (448), pp. 2735–2745.
16
Wiesner, F. J., 1967, “A Review of Slip Factors for Centrifugal Impellers,” ASME J. Eng. Power, 89 , pp. 558–572.
17
Murakami, M., Kikuyama, K., and Asakura, E., 1980, “Velocity and Pressure Distributions in the Impeller Passages of Centrifugal Pumps,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 102 , pp. 420–426.
18
Miyamoto, H., and Ohba, H., 1995, “The Effect of Flow Rate on Characteristics in Centrifugal Impellers,” JSME Int. J., Ser. B, 38 (1), pp. 25–30.

Figures

Grahic Jump Location
+Absolute tangential velocity ratio (impeller D, Q∕Q0=1.0, c∕b2=0.125, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±3.5%)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Absolute tangential velocity ratio (impeller D, Q∕Q0=1.0, c∕b2=0.125, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±3.5%)
Figure 12

Absolute tangential velocity ratio (impeller D, Q∕Q0=1.0, c∕b2=0.125, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±3.5%)

Grahic Jump Location
+Phase-averaged relative velocity vectors (impeller D, Q∕Q0=1.0, area 3, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕u2=±3.5%, of vr∕u2=±3.5%). (a) Plane 1 (z∕b=0.05). (b) Plane 2 (z∕b=0.5). (c) Plane 3 (z∕b=0.95).
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Phase-averaged relative velocity vectors (impeller D, Q∕Q0=1.0, area 3, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕u2=±3.5%, of vr∕u2=±3.5%). (a) Plane 1 (z∕b=0.05). (b) Plane 2 (z∕b=0.5). (c) Plane 3 (z∕b=0.95).
Figure 11

Phase-averaged relative velocity vectors (impeller D, Q∕Q0=1.0, area 3, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕u2=±3.5%, of vr∕u2=±3.5%). (a) Plane 1 (z∕b=0.05). (b) Plane 2 (z∕b=0.5). (c) Plane 3 (z∕b=0.95).

Grahic Jump Location
+Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by blade outlet angle (Impellers D and E, Q∕Q0=1.0, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±3.5%)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by blade outlet angle (Impellers D and E, Q∕Q0=1.0, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±3.5%)
Figure 13

Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by blade outlet angle (Impellers D and E, Q∕Q0=1.0, PIV) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±3.5%)

Grahic Jump Location
+Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by tip clearance ratio (impellers B′ and C′, Q∕Q0=1.0) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±0.75% and ±2.35% static pressure and LDV, respectively)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by tip clearance ratio (impellers B′ and C′, Q∕Q0=1.0) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±0.75% and ±2.35% static pressure and LDV, respectively)
Figure 14

Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by tip clearance ratio (impellers B′ and C′, Q∕Q0=1.0) (uncertainty of vθ∕rω=±0.75% and ±2.35% static pressure and LDV, respectively)

Grahic Jump Location
+Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by specific speed variation (Q∕Q0=1.0)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by specific speed variation (Q∕Q0=1.0)
Figure 15

Change of absolute tangential velocity ratio by specific speed variation (Q∕Q0=1.0)

Grahic Jump Location
+Schematic view of test pump 1 and tip clearance c
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Schematic view of test pump 1 and tip clearance c
Figure 1

Schematic view of test pump 1 and tip clearance c

Grahic Jump Location
+Test pump 2 and PIV measurement system
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Test pump 2 and PIV measurement system
Figure 2

Test pump 2 and PIV measurement system

Grahic Jump Location
+Test impellers for test pump 1
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Test impellers for test pump 1
Figure 3

Test impellers for test pump 1

Grahic Jump Location
+Test impellers for test pump 2
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Test impellers for test pump 2
Figure 4

Test impellers for test pump 2

Grahic Jump Location
+Performance curves of test pump 1 with change of tip clearance ratio (uncertainty of ϕ=±1.39%, of ψ=±1.0%, of ν=±1.49%, of η=±2.29%, of nsl=±1.15%)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Performance curves of test pump 1 with change of tip clearance ratio (uncertainty of ϕ=±1.39%, of ψ=±1.0%, of ν=±1.49%, of η=±2.29%, of nsl=±1.15%)
Figure 5

Performance curves of test pump 1 with change of tip clearance ratio (uncertainty of ϕ=±1.39%, of ψ=±1.0%, of ν=±1.49%, of η=±2.29%, of nsl=±1.15%)

Grahic Jump Location
+Effect of tip clearance ratio on efficiency (uncertainty of ηmax=±2.29%, of ηD.P.=±2.29%)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Effect of tip clearance ratio on efficiency (uncertainty of ηmax=±2.29%, of ηD.P.=±2.29%)
Figure 6

Effect of tip clearance ratio on efficiency (uncertainty of ηmax=±2.29%, of ηD.P.=±2.29%)

Grahic Jump Location
+Performance curves of test pump 2 (impellers D(β2=90deg) and E(β2=30deg)) (uncertainty of ϕ=±1.41%, of ψ=±2.16%, of ν=±1.5%, of η=±3.18%, of nsl=±2.21%)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Performance curves of test pump 2 (impellers D(β2=90deg) and E(β2=30deg)) (uncertainty of ϕ=±1.41%, of ψ=±2.16%, of ν=±1.5%, of η=±3.18%, of nsl=±2.21%)
Figure 7

Performance curves of test pump 2 (impellers D(β2=90deg) and E(β2=30deg)) (uncertainty of ϕ=±1.41%, of ψ=±2.16%, of ν=±1.5%, of η=±3.18%, of nsl=±2.21%)

Grahic Jump Location
+Absolute tangential velocity at impeller outlet (uncertainty of υθ∕rω=±2.35%)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Absolute tangential velocity at impeller outlet (uncertainty of υθ∕rω=±2.35%)
Figure 8

Absolute tangential velocity at impeller outlet (uncertainty of υθ∕rω=±2.35%)

Grahic Jump Location
+Change of slip factor by tip clearance ratio (Q∕Qd=1.0) (uncertainty of k=±2.35%)
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Change of slip factor by tip clearance ratio (Q∕Qd=1.0) (uncertainty of k=±2.35%)
Figure 9

Change of slip factor by tip clearance ratio (Q∕Qd=1.0) (uncertainty of k=±2.35%)

Grahic Jump Location
+Phase averaged velocity vectors of test pump 2 (uncertainty of vθ∕u2=±3.75%, of vr∕u2=±3.75%). (a) Impeller D (Q∕Q0=1.0, PTV). (b) Impeller E (Q∕Q0=1.0, PTV). (c) Impeller D (Q∕Q0=0.25, PTV).
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Phase averaged velocity vectors of test pump 2 (uncertainty of vθ∕u2=±3.75%, of vr∕u2=±3.75%). (a) Impeller D (Q∕Q0=1.0, PTV). (b) Impeller E (Q∕Q0=1.0, PTV). (c) Impeller D (Q∕Q0=0.25, PTV).
Figure 10

Phase averaged velocity vectors of test pump 2 (uncertainty of vθ∕u2=±3.75%, of vr∕u2=±3.75%). (a) Impeller D (Q∕Q0=1.0, PTV). (b) Impeller E (Q∕Q0=1.0, PTV). (c) Impeller D (Q∕Q0=0.25, PTV).

Tables

Errata

Discussions

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging and repositioning the boxes below.

Related Journal Articles
Related eBook Content
Dynamic Behavior of Pumping Systems
Pipeline Pumping and Compression Systems: A Practical Approach> Chapter 8
Introduction
Design of Mechanical Bearings in Cardiac Assist Devices
Strength and Modal Analysis on Impeller of High-Pressure and Small-Flow Centrifugal Pump
International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering 4th (ICCEE 2011)
Dynamic Behavior of Pumping Systems
Pipeline Pumping and Compression Systems> Chapter 9
Experimental results
Ultrasonic Methods for Measurement of Small Motion and Deformation of Biological Tissues for Assessment of Viscoelasticity> Chapter 3
Topic Collections

Sorry! You do not have access to this content. For assistance or to subscribe, please contact us:

  • TELEPHONE: 1-800-843-2763 (Toll-free in the USA)
  • EMAIL: asmedigitalcollection@asme.org
Sign In