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Journal of Fluids Engineering | Volume 130 | Issue 4 | Research Paper
Research Papers: Flows in Complex Systems

Friction Factor Measurements in an Equally Spaced Triangular Array of Circular Tubes

[+] Author and Article Information
Peter Vassallo1

 Lockheed Martin Corporation, Schenectady, NY 12301vassall@kapl.gov

Paul Symolon

 Lockheed Martin Corporation, Schenectady, NY 12301

1

Corresponding author.

J. Fluids Eng 130(4), 041105 (Apr 04, 2008) (5 pages) doi:10.1115/1.2903817 History: Received September 04, 2007; Revised October 10, 2007; Published April 04, 2008
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Friction factor data for adiabatic cross flow of water in a staggered tube array were obtained over a Reynolds number range (based on hydraulic diameter and gap velocity) of about 10,000–250,000. The tubes were 12.7mm(0.5in.) outer diameter in a uniformly spaced triangular arrangement with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.5. The friction factor was compared to several literature correlations and was found to be best matched by the Idelchik correlation. Other correlations were found to significantly vary from the test data. Based on the test data, a new correlation is proposed for this tube bundle geometry, which covers the entire Reynolds number range tested.
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Copyright © 2008 by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
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References

1
Chilton, T. H., and Generaux, R. P., 1933, “Pressure Drops Across Banks of Tubes,” Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng., 29 , pp. 161–173.
2
Gunter, A. Y., and Shaw, W. A., 1945, “A General Correlation of Friction Factors of Various Types of Surfaces in Cross Flow,” Trans. ASME, 67 , pp. 643–660.
3
Zukauskas, A., 1987, “Heat Transfer From Tubes in Cross Flow,” Adv. Heat Transfer, 18 , pp. 87–159.
4
Zukauskus, A., and Ulinskas, R., 1983, “Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes,” "Heat Exchanger Design Handbook", Hemisphere, New York, Sec. 2.2.4.
5
Incropera, F. P., and DeWitt, D. P., 1981, "Fundamentals of Heat Transfer", Wiley, New York.
6
Idelchik, I. E., 1986, "Handbook of Hydraulic Resistance", 2nd ed., Hemisphere, New York.
7
Kays, W. M., and London, A. L., 1964, "Compact Heat Exchangers", 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.

Figures

Grahic Jump Location
+Schematic of triangular tube array
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Schematic of triangular tube array
Figure 1

Schematic of triangular tube array

Grahic Jump Location
+Test section schematic (not to scale)
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Test section schematic (not to scale)
Figure 2

Test section schematic (not to scale)

Grahic Jump Location
+Loss factors versus position in the test section
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Loss factors versus position in the test section
Figure 3

Loss factors versus position in the test section

Grahic Jump Location
+Cross-flow friction factor data versus other sources
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Cross-flow friction factor data versus other sources
Figure 4

Cross-flow friction factor data versus other sources

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