This research seeks to characterize the micro-mechanical behavior of Sn-Ag-Cu solder bumps/joints generated by fine pitch flip chip assembly processes. The solder bumps and joints that were aged at either 80 °C or 150 °C for up to 440 hours days); have been studied by an analysis using micro-shear testing and nano-indentation techniques. The shear test of the aged bumps showed a slight increase in shear strength after an initial period of aging hours) as compared to the non-aged bumps, but a decrease after longer aging (e.g. 440 hours). A brittle phase formed as large stick-like features in the body of bulk solder and near the interface of solder/UBM during the initial aging, and is attributed with the increase of shear strength, along with the refinement of the bump microstructure. However, as the time of aging extended, the solder bumps were softened due to grain growth and re-crystallization. It was found that the formation of brittle phases in the body of solder and along the interfaces caused localized stress concentration, which can significantly affect joint reliability. In addition, Nano-testing identified a large lamellar Au-rich structure, formed in the solder and interface of the solder/PCB in the joints after the aging process at 150 °C. These are believed to be detrimental to joint reliability.
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e-mail: C.Liu@lboro.ac.uk
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September 2004
Research Papers
Analysis of the Micro-Mechanical Properties in Aged Lead-Free, Fine Pitch Flip Chip Joints
Changqing Liu,
e-mail: C.Liu@lboro.ac.uk
Changqing Liu
Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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Paul Conway,
Paul Conway
Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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Dezhi Li,
Dezhi Li
Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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Michael Hendriksen
Michael Hendriksen
Manufacturing Technology Group, Celestial Limited, West Avenue, Kids Grove, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST7 1TL, UK
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Changqing Liu
Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
e-mail: C.Liu@lboro.ac.uk
Paul Conway
Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
Dezhi Li
Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
Michael Hendriksen
Manufacturing Technology Group, Celestial Limited, West Avenue, Kids Grove, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST7 1TL, UK
Contributed by the Electronic and Photonic Packaging Division for publication in the JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING. Manuscript received September 2003; final revision, February 2004. Associate Editor: Guo-Quon Lu.
J. Electron. Packag. Sep 2004, 126(3): 359-366 (8 pages)
Published Online: October 6, 2004
Article history
Received:
September 1, 2003
Revised:
February 1, 2004
Online:
October 6, 2004
Citation
Liu, C., Conway , P., Li , D., and Hendriksen, M. (October 6, 2004). "Analysis of the Micro-Mechanical Properties in Aged Lead-Free, Fine Pitch Flip Chip Joints ." ASME. J. Electron. Packag. September 2004; 126(3): 359–366. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1773391
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