... warming effect of 6 kg of CO 2 . R1234ze(E) also has a much lower atmospheric life time, 14 days, against 14 years for R134a. R1234ze(E) flow boiling microchannels CHF boiling flow visualisation heat transfer microchannel flow pattern formation pipe flow refrigerants 17 12...

... bubbles carbon nanotubes cooling drops evaporation flow through porous media flow visualisation heat pipes jets mass transfer pipe flow two-phase flow dryout carbon nanotube wick structure heat pipe Dryout in heat pipes has been recognized and studied for many years due...

...-transfer coefficient [( 2 )]. Thus, it is important to understand the falling-film flow patterns (modes) to properly operate the heat exchanger. falling film flat tube microchannel flow mode transition drops external flows film flow flow instability flow visualisation jets laminar...

... protuberance temperatures. protuberance turbulent convection convection enhancement roughness thermal conductivity anemometry blades boundary layer turbulence flow visualisation heat transfer infrared imaging thermal conductivity thermocouples turbines 2012 American Society...

... at CHF is also analyzed and discussed to provide insights into the CHF phenomenon in a heat sink containing multiple parallel microchannels. 03 12 2010 18 07 2011 18 11 2011 18 11 2011 boiling bubbles coolants cooling flow visualisation heat of vaporisation heat sinks...

... flow flow visualisation organic compounds pattern formation water ionic liquid falling film Marangoni effect Ionic liquids, considered as “green” chemical, are used in various fields [( 1 )] due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. In the last few years, researchers...

... the wall are identical within experimental uncertainty to the wall surface temperature. 17 06 2010 11 08 2011 27 10 2011 27 10 2011 boundary layers computational fluid dynamics cooling dissolving flow simulation flow visualisation fluorescence laminar flow microchannel...

..., it is found that the crossflow diminishes the peak Nusselt number in the jet impingement region. However, in the wall jet region, the results suggest that the local heat transfer is nearly independent of the crossflow Reynolds number. flow visualisation heat transfer infrared imaging jets liquid...

... channel flow flow visualisation heat transfer jets pressure sensors thermocouples turbulence thermography internal channel cooling side-jet entry swirl flow jet impingement Enhancing the internal cooling of the channels is achieved by different augmentation techniques such as jet...

... deviation of ± 20%. 28 05 2010 18 05 2011 23 08 2011 23 08 2011 ammonia boiling bubbles flow simulation flow visualisation heat transfer mixtures nucleation water ammonia/water pool boiling heat transfer coefficient bubble dynamics visualization Ammonia...

... 07 2011 channel flow condensation drops electrodes electrohydrodynamics flow visualisation heat transfer pattern formation pulse width modulation refrigerants stratified flow two-phase flow heat transfer enhancement electrohydrodynamics two-phase flows...

... engines exhaust systems flow visualisation heat exchangers thermocouples vents (mechanical components) vortices 07 05 2010 03 03 2011 04 05 2011 04 05 2011 Volumetric flow rate for the front and back slots Air temperature at nodes 10 and 39 was measured...

...Jing He; Anthony M. Jacobi 28 04 2011 28 04 2011 boundary layers channel flow convection design engineering flow instability flow visualisation heat exchangers mixing vortices 2011 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ...

...Jessica Sheehan; Avram Bar-Cohen cooling copper evaporation flow visualisation infrared imaging microchannel flow microfabrication micro-optomechanical devices sapphire two-phase flow 28 04 2011 28 04 2011 2011 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ...

...Kenneth D. Kihm; Chang K. Choi 27 04 2011 27 04 2011 flow visualisation heat transfer The Fifteenth Heat Transfer Photogallery was sponsored by the K-22 Heat Transfer Visualization Committee for the 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition (IMECE...

...Nenad Miljkovic; Ryan Enright; Shalabh C. Maroo; H. Jeremy Cho; Evelyn N. Wang capillarity drops elemental semiconductors evaporation flow visualisation hydrophilicity hydrophobicity nanostructured materials scanning electron microscopy silicon surface tension two-phase flow...

...Jae Bong Lee; Seong Hyuk Lee; Chang Kyoung Choi aluminium contact angle drops flow visualisation high-speed optical techniques hole density hydrophobicity impact (mechanical) microfluidics milling machines surface energy surface roughness surface texture water wetting 27...

.... The obtained flow patterns have a strong dependence on the Rayleigh number. confined flow flow visualisation fluid oscillations natural convection natural convection oscillatory cavity PIV Natural convection in enclosures has been extensively studied due to its importance in many...

.... It is shown that multiperforated stator can or cannot improve the rotor cooling, depending on G and Re. air gaps convection cooling flow visualisation infrared imaging rotors stators turbulence convective heat transfers rotor stator systems infrared thermography Several and various...

... loss from the interior duct surfaces to the inlet and outlet apertures is less than 2% of the total heat input and thus unimportant. 05 06 2010 10 01 2011 09 03 2011 09 03 2011 channel flow convection flow visualisation infrared imaging laminar flow pipe flow...