The cold axisymmetric drawing of metals leads to effective strains that increase from the centerline to the surface of the material cross section. This strain heterogeneity depends on the die semi-angle and reduction in area related through a “” parameter. The average strain in the product is evaluated through a redundant deformation coefficient, “,” which has a minimum value of unity and rises as is increased. Anomalous experimental results for this relationship ( values below unity and insensitive to variations in ) have been reported for the AISI 420 stainless steel. Strain path affects the work hardening of metals during sheet forming, where some materials harden more and others less than under pure tension, for the same strain path. The present paper analyses the possibility that a similar dependence of the work hardening on the strain path, during the axisymmetric drawing of AISI 420 stainless steel causes the anomalous versus relationship. The strain path followed along various material streamlines in axisymmetric drawing involves the superposition of a radially varying reversed shear strain on a basic radial compression/longitudinal tension pattern. A new method was developed for the determination of the effective stress versus effective strain curves of the material along three material streamlines, located close to the material surface, along its centerline and following a midcourse between these two flow lines. A relationship between the local microhardness of the material and its flow stress was established and visioplasticity was employed for the determination of local strains in the deformation region. Data were obtained for six situations resulting from the combinations of two reductions of area (8% and 20%) and three die semi-angles (3 deg, 8 deg, and 15 deg). The various strain paths followed in axisymmetric drawing of AISI 420 stainless steel led to effective stress versus effective strain curves tending to be often lower than that obtained in pure tension. The degree of lowering seems to depend on the reduction in area and die semi-angle. The effect of strain path on the work hardening during axisymmetric drawing causes the anomalous experimental results for the versus relationship of the AISI 420 stainless steel. The present paper seems to be the first report in literature covering such effects under cold bulk forming conditions.
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e-mail: carlos.asantos3@ufpe.br
e-mail: elaine@deii.cefetmg.br
e-mail: teresa@.ufmg.br
e-mail: margareth.spangler@cetec.br
e-mail: pcetlin@demet.ufmg.br
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January 2010
Research Papers
The Anomalous Redundant Deformation and Work Hardening of the AISI 420 Stainless Steel During Axisymmetric Drawing
C. A. Santos,
C. A. Santos
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
e-mail: carlos.asantos3@ufpe.br
Federal University of Pernambuco
, Avenida Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-901, Brazil
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E. C. S. Corrêa,
e-mail: elaine@deii.cefetmg.br
E. C. S. Corrêa
Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais
, Avenida Amazonas 5253, Nova Suiça, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30480-000, Brazil
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M. T. P. Aguilar,
M. T. P. Aguilar
Department of Materials and Construction Engineering,
e-mail: teresa@.ufmg.br
Federal University of Minas Gerais
, Rua Espírito Santo 35, Centro Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30160-030, Brazil
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M. S. Andrade,
e-mail: margareth.spangler@cetec.br
M. S. Andrade
Technology Center Foundation of Minas Gerais
, Avenida José Cândido da Silveira 2000, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31170-000, Brazil
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P. R. Cetlin
P. R. Cetlin
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,
e-mail: pcetlin@demet.ufmg.br
Federal University of Minas Gerais
, Rua Espírito Santo 35, s214 Centro Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30160-030, Brazil
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C. A. Santos
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Federal University of Pernambuco
, Avenida Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-901, Brazile-mail: carlos.asantos3@ufpe.br
E. C. S. Corrêa
Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais
, Avenida Amazonas 5253, Nova Suiça, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30480-000, Brazile-mail: elaine@deii.cefetmg.br
M. T. P. Aguilar
Department of Materials and Construction Engineering,
Federal University of Minas Gerais
, Rua Espírito Santo 35, Centro Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30160-030, Brazile-mail: teresa@.ufmg.br
M. S. Andrade
Technology Center Foundation of Minas Gerais
, Avenida José Cândido da Silveira 2000, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31170-000, Brazile-mail: margareth.spangler@cetec.br
P. R. Cetlin
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,
Federal University of Minas Gerais
, Rua Espírito Santo 35, s214 Centro Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30160-030, Brazile-mail: pcetlin@demet.ufmg.br
J. Eng. Mater. Technol. Jan 2010, 132(1): 011011 (7 pages)
Published Online: November 5, 2009
Article history
Received:
January 21, 2009
Revised:
April 10, 2009
Online:
November 5, 2009
Published:
November 5, 2009
Citation
Santos, C. A., Corrêa, E. C. S., Aguilar, M. T. P., Andrade, M. S., and Cetlin, P. R. (November 5, 2009). "The Anomalous Redundant Deformation and Work Hardening of the AISI 420 Stainless Steel During Axisymmetric Drawing." ASME. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. January 2010; 132(1): 011011. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3184082
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