Stress whitening problem in thermoformed alumina trihydrate (ATH) reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was studied. In situ heavy-gage thermoforming of acrylics was entirely replicated under laboratory controlled conditions at different operation parameters. Samples were monitored with optical microscope after the completion of the thermoforming operation. For stress whitening quantification, a new index was proposed from image histograms of processed optical micrographs. Results indicated that stress whitening in PMMA/ATH samples increases with level of plastic deformation at all thermoforming conditions. The influence of the forming rate and forming temperature on the degree of stress whitening was explained in terms of change in material behavior and microdeformation mechanisms around two characteristic temperatures of PMMA/ATH. Developed method for stress whitening quantification characterizes different levels of stress whitening with single numeric values. It is shown that stress whitening index and density of microdeformation features display a strong correlation. Higher density of particle cracks at low forming temperatures results in higher stress whitening levels. Increased surface irregularity and large size voids at high forming temperatures produce lower stress whitening.
Skip Nav Destination
e-mail: emgunel@buffalo.edu
e-mail: cjb@buffalo.edu
Article navigation
July 2010
Research Papers
Stress Whitening Quantification of Thermoformed Mineral Filled Acrylics
E. M. Gunel,
E. M. Gunel
Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering,
e-mail: emgunel@buffalo.edu
State University of New York at Buffalo
, Buffalo, NY 14260
Search for other works by this author on:
C. Basaran
C. Basaran
Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering,
e-mail: cjb@buffalo.edu
State University of New York at Buffalo
, Buffalo, NY 14260
Search for other works by this author on:
E. M. Gunel
Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering,
State University of New York at Buffalo
, Buffalo, NY 14260e-mail: emgunel@buffalo.edu
C. Basaran
Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering,
State University of New York at Buffalo
, Buffalo, NY 14260e-mail: cjb@buffalo.edu
J. Eng. Mater. Technol. Jul 2010, 132(3): 031002 (11 pages)
Published Online: June 15, 2010
Article history
Received:
April 23, 2009
Revised:
December 10, 2009
Online:
June 15, 2010
Published:
June 15, 2010
Citation
Gunel, E. M., and Basaran, C. (June 15, 2010). "Stress Whitening Quantification of Thermoformed Mineral Filled Acrylics." ASME. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. July 2010; 132(3): 031002. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4001262
Download citation file:
Get Email Alerts
Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting the Hot Deformation Flow Stress of Sintered Al–Zn–Mg Alloy
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (April 2025)
Blast Mitigation Using Monolithic Closed-Cell Aluminum Foam
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (April 2025)
Irradiation Damage Evolution Dependence on Misorientation Angle for Σ 5 Grain Boundary of Nb: An Atomistic Simulation-Based Study
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (July 2025)
Related Articles
Novel re-entrant porous composite structure: a potential for orthopaedic applications
J. Med. Devices (June,2008)
Constitutive Behavior and Temperature Effects in NR and SBR Under Variable Amplitude and Multiaxial Loading Conditions
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (January,2008)
Stress–Strain Relationship for Metal Hollow Sphere Materials as a Function of Their Relative Density
J. Appl. Mech (September,2007)
A Two-Dimensional Linear Assumed Strain Triangular Element for Finite Deformation Analysis
J. Appl. Mech (November,2006)
Related Proceedings Papers
Related Chapters
Concluding Remarks and Future Work
Ultrasonic Welding of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Reliability of Electronic Packaging
Essentials of Electronic Packaging: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Understanding the Problem
Design and Application of the Worm Gear