In service, composite structures present the unique challenge of damage detection and repair. Piezoelectric ceramic, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), is often used for detecting damage in composites. This paper investigates the effect of embedded PZT crystals on the overall creep behavior of sandwich beams comprising of glass fiber reinforced polymer laminated skins and polymer foam core, which could potentially be used as a damage-detecting smart structure. Uniaxial quasi-static and creep tests were performed on the glass/epoxy laminated composites having several fiber orientations, 0 deg, 45 deg, and 90 deg, to calibrate the elastic and viscoelastic properties of the fibers and matrix. Three-point bending creep tests at elevated temperature were then carried out for a number of control sandwich beams (no PZT crystal) and conditioned sandwich beams (with PZT crystals embedded in the center of one facesheet). Lateral deflection of the sandwich beams was monitored for more than 60 h. The model presented in this paper is composed by two parts: (a) a simplified micromechanical model of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites used to obtain effective properties and overall creep response of the laminated skins and (b) a finite element method to simulate the overall creep behavior of the sandwich beams with embedded PZT crystals. The simplified micromechanical model is implemented in the material integration points within the laminated skin elements. Fibers are modeled as linear elastic, while a linearized viscoelastic material model is used for the epoxy matrix and foam core. Numerical results on the creep deflection of the smart sandwich beams show good correlations with the experimental creep deflection at , thus proving that this model, although currently based on material properties reported at room temperature, is promising to obtain a reasonable prediction for the creep of a smart sandwich structure at high temperatures.
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e-mail: vlasaponara@ucdavis.edu
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January 2011
Research Papers
Creep Responses of Smart Sandwich Composites at Multiple Length Scales: Experiments and Modeling
Anaïs Farrugia,
Anaïs Farrugia
Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d’Aérotechnique
, 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex, France
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Charles Winkelmann,
Charles Winkelmann
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,
University of California
, Davis, CA 95616
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Valeria La Saponara,
Valeria La Saponara
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,
e-mail: vlasaponara@ucdavis.edu
University of California
, Davis, CA 95616
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Jeong Sik Kim,
Jeong Sik Kim
Texas A&M University
, College Station, TX 77843
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Anastasia H. Muliana
Anastasia H. Muliana
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Anaïs Farrugia
Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d’Aérotechnique
, 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex, France
Charles Winkelmann
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,
University of California
, Davis, CA 95616
Valeria La Saponara
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,
University of California
, Davis, CA 95616e-mail: vlasaponara@ucdavis.edu
Jeong Sik Kim
Texas A&M University
, College Station, TX 77843
Anastasia H. Muliana
J. Eng. Mater. Technol. Jan 2011, 133(1): 011008 (6 pages)
Published Online: December 1, 2010
Article history
Received:
February 18, 2010
Revised:
July 13, 2010
Online:
December 1, 2010
Published:
December 1, 2010
Citation
Farrugia, A., Winkelmann, C., La Saponara, V., Kim, J. S., and Muliana, A. H. (December 1, 2010). "Creep Responses of Smart Sandwich Composites at Multiple Length Scales: Experiments and Modeling." ASME. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. January 2011; 133(1): 011008. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4002643
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