The paper concentrates on the wave energy devices developed to be located on the shoreline or near shore (the so-called first generation devices) that have reached the stage of full-sized prototype deployed in open sea waters, including in special the oscillating water column. The principal factors affecting the technological development and the economics are identified and analyzed, taking into consideration the experience from existing prototypes: device siting, hydrodynamics and structure geometry, structural design and construction, power take-off equipment (turbine, electrical generator) and control.
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