This paper presents the results of a feasibility study on air-riding seal aeroelasticity for large-diameter aero-engines. A literature survey of previous seal studies revealed a significant amount of experimental work but numerical modeling using CFD techniques was relatively scarce. Indeed, most existing theoretical studies either deal with the structural behavior, or use simplified flow modeling. The aeroelasticity stability of a simplified air-riding seal geometry, devised for this particular feasibility study, was analyzed in three dimensions for typical engine operating conditions. Both the unsteady flow and structural vibration aspects were considered in the investigation. The boundary conditions and the seal gap were varied to explore the capabilities and limitations of a state-of-the-art unsteady flow and aeroelasticity code. The methodology was based on integrating the fluid and structural domains in a time-accurate fashion by exchanging boundary condition information at each time step. The predicted characteristics, namely lift and flow leakage as a function of pressure and seal gap, were found to be in agreement with the expected behavior. Operating seal gaps were determined from the actual time histories of the seal motion under the effect of the aerodynamic and the restoring spring forces. Both stable and unstable cases were considered. It was concluded that, in principle, the existing numerical tools could be used for the flow and aeroelasticity analyses of hydrostatic seals. However, due to large Mach number variations, the solution convergence rate was relatively slow and it was recognized that a preconditioner was needed to handle seal flows. For small gaps of about 10 microns, typical of spiral groved seals, the flow has a high Knudsen number, indicating that the Navier-Stokes formulations may no longer be valid. Such cases require a totally different treatment for the modeling of steady and unsteady aerodynamics, either by modifying the transport parameters of the Navier-Stokes equations or by considering rarefied gas dynamics.
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July 2002
Technical Papers
Aeroelasticity Analysis of Air-Riding Seals for Aero-Engine Applications
A. I. Sayma,
A. I. Sayma
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
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C. Bre´ard,
C. Bre´ard
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
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M. Vahdati,
M. Vahdati
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
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M. Imregun
e-mail: m.imregun@ic.ac.uk
M. Imregun
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
Search for other works by this author on:
A. I. Sayma
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
C. Bre´ard
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
M. Vahdati
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
M. Imregun
Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Mechanical Engineering Department, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK
e-mail: m.imregun@ic.ac.uk
Contributed by the Tribology Division for publication in the ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY. Manuscript received by the Tribology Division July 11, 2000; revised manuscript received October 9, 2001. Associate Editor: L. San Andre´s.
J. Tribol. Jul 2002, 124(3): 607-616 (10 pages)
Published Online: May 31, 2002
Article history
Received:
July 11, 2000
Revised:
October 9, 2001
Online:
May 31, 2002
Citation
Sayma , A. I., Bre´ard , C., Vahdati , M., and Imregun, M. (May 31, 2002). "Aeroelasticity Analysis of Air-Riding Seals for Aero-Engine Applications ." ASME. J. Tribol. July 2002; 124(3): 607–616. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1467086
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