Abstract

This study focuses on the influence of local moringa oil on the performances of lubricants obtained from a blend of dodecane and pristine or fluorinated carbon nanofibers at ambient temperature. The friction experiments have been evaluated using a reciprocating ball on a plane tribometer. Moringa oil is used as a bio-additive in lubricant formulations. First, the addition of a small amount of moringa oil to dodecane allowed a reduction of about 50% of the base oil friction performances. Second, a comparative study on the friction properties of their blends with pristine carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and fluorinated ones (CF0.85) was investigated, based on which they were intended to be used as solid lubricant additives. An adsorption effect of fatty acid molecules is observed in CNFs particles unlike CF0.85. Whatever was the percentage of moringa oil added, more promising results were obtained with CF0.85. Physicochemical characterizations of the tribofilms evidence the good antiwear properties of the lubricants.

References

1.
Quinchia
,
L. A.
,
Delgado
,
M. A.
,
Reddyhoff
,
T.
,
Gallegos
,
C.
, and
Spikes
,
H. A.
,
2014
, “
Tribological Studies of Potential Vegetable Oil-Based Lubricants Containing Environmentally Friendly Viscosity Modifiers
,”
Tribol. Int.
,
69
, pp.
110
117
.
2.
Choi
,
U. S.
,
Ahn
,
B. G.
,
Kwon
,
O. K.
, and
Chun
,
Y. J.
,
1997
, “
Tribological Behavior of Some Antiwear Additives in Vegetable Oils
,”
Tribol. Int.
,
30
(
9
), pp.
677
683
.
3.
Fox
,
N. J.
, and
Stachowiak
,
G. W.
,
2007
, “
Vegetable Oil-Based Lubricants—A Review of Oxidation
,”
Tribol. Int.
,
40
(
7
), pp.
1035
1046
.
4.
Jain
,
A. K.
, and
Suhane
,
A.
,
2012
, “
Review Article ‘“Research Approach & Prospects of Non Edible Vegetable Oil as a Potential Resource for Biolubricant—A Review
,”
Adv. Eng. Appl. Sci.
,
1
(
1
), pp.
23
32
.
5.
Sharma
,
B. K.
,
Rashid
,
U.
,
Anwar
,
F.
, and
Erhan
,
S. Z.
,
2009
, “
Lubricant Properties of Moringa oil Using Thermal and Tribological Techniques
,”
J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
,
96
(
3
), pp.
999
1008
.
6.
Siniawski
,
M. T.
,
Saniei
,
N.
,
Adhikari
,
B.
, and
Doezema
,
L. A.
,
2007
,
Influence of Fatty Acid Composition on the Tribological Performance of Two Vegetable-Based Lubricants
. 101–110.10.1002/jsl.
7.
Reeves
,
C. J.
,
Menezes
,
P. L.
,
Jen
,
T.
, and
Lovell
,
M. R.
,
2015
, “
The Influence of Fatty Acids on Tribological and Thermal Properties of Natural Oils as Sustainable Biolubricants
,”
Tribiology Int.
,
90
, pp.
123
134
.
8.
Salaheldeen
,
M.
,
Aroua
,
M. K.
,
Mariod
,
A. A.
,
Foon
,
S.
, and
Abdelrahman
,
M. A.
,
2014
, “
An Evaluation of Moringa Peregrina Seeds as a Source for bio-Fuel
,”
Ind. Crop. Prod.
,
61
, pp.
49
61
.
9.
Tulashie
,
S. K.
, and
Kotoka
,
F.
,
2019
, “
Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on Moringa Oleifera oil Extraction for Biodiesel Production via Transesterification
,”
Biofuels
, pp.
1
9
.
10.
Peng
,
Y.
,
Hu
,
Y.
, and
Wang
,
H.
,
2007
, “
Tribological Behaviors of Surfactant-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as Lubricant Additive in Water
,”
Tribol. Lett.
,
25
(
3
), pp.
247
253
.
11.
Hwang
,
Y.
,
Lee
,
C.
,
Choi
,
Y.
,
Cheong
,
S.
,
Kim
,
D.
,
Lee
,
K.
,
Lee
,
J.
, and
Kim
,
S. H.
,
2011
, “
Effect of the Size and Morphology of Particles Dispersed in Nano-oil on Friction Performance Between Rotating Discs
,”
J. Mech. Sci. Technol.
,
25
(
11
), pp.
2853
2857
.
12.
Shafi
,
W. K.
,
Raina
,
A.
, and
Ul Haq
,
M. I.
,
2018
, “
Friction and Wear Characteristics of Vegetable Oils Using Nanoparticles for Sustainable Lubrication
,”
Tribol.—Mater. Surfaces Interfaces
,
12
(
1
), pp.
27
43
.
13.
Lee
,
K.
,
Hwang
,
Y.
,
Cheong
,
S.
,
Choi
,
Y.
,
Kwon
,
L.
,
Lee
,
J.
, and
Kim
,
S. H.
,
2009
, “
Understanding the Role of Nanoparticles in Nano-oil Lubrication
,”
Tribol. Lett.
,
35
(
2
), pp.
127
131
.
14.
Thomas
,
P.
,
Himmel
,
D.
,
Mansot
,
J. L.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Zhanf
,
W.
, and
Hamwi
,
A.
,
2009
, “
Tribological Properties of Fluorinated Carbon Nanofibres
,”
Tribol. Lett.
,
34
(
1
), pp.
49
59
.
15.
Nomède-Martyr
,
N.
,
Disa
,
E.
,
Thomas
,
P.
,
Romana
,
L.
,
Mansot
,
J. L.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Zhang
,
W.
, and
Hamwi
,
A.
,
2012
, “
Tribological Properties of Fluorinated Nanocarbons with Different Shape Factors
,”
J. Fluor. Chem.
,
144
, pp.
10
16
.
16.
Zhang
,
W.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Houdayer
,
A.
,
Masin
,
F.
, and
Hamwi
,
A.
,
2008
, “
Carbon Nanofibres Fluorinated Using TbF4 as Fluorinating Agent. Part II: Adsorption and Electrochemical Properties
,”
Carbon N. Y.
,
46
(
7
), pp.
1017
1024
.
17.
Thomas
,
P.
,
Delbé
,
K.
,
Himmel
,
D.
,
Mansot
,
J. L.
,
Cadoré
,
F.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Delabarre
,
C.
, and
Hamwi
,
A.
,
2006
, “
Tribological Properties of low-Temperature Graphite Fluorides. Influence of the Structure on the Lubricating Performances
,”
J. Phys. Chem. Solids
,
67
(
5–6
), pp.
1095
1099
.
18.
Disa
,
E.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Nomède-Martyr
,
N.
,
Jestin
,
F.
,
Hamwi
,
A.
,
Soubeyrand
,
C.
, and
Manteghetti
,
M.
,
2013
, “
Synthesis of Carbon-Silica Core-Shell Nanofibers From a Dispersion of Fluorinated Carbon Nanofibers in Solvated Polysiloxane
,”
Carbon N. Y.
,
55
, pp.
23
33
.
19.
Nomède-Martyr
,
N.
,
Disa
,
E.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Bonnet
,
P.
, and
Dubois
,
M.
,
2018
, “
Influence de la Fluoration sur la Stabilité des Nanofibres de Carbone en Dispersion Dans des Solvants Organiques
,”
Comptes Rendus Chim.
,
21
(
8
).
20.
Zhang
,
W.
,
Spinelle
,
L.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Kharbache
,
H.
,
Masi
,
F.
,
Kharitonov
,
A. P.
,
Hamwi
,
A.
,
Brunet
,
J.
,
Varenne
,
C.
,
Pauly
,
A.
,
Thomas
,
P.
,
Himmel
,
D.
, and
Mansot
,
J. L.
,
2010
, “
New Synthesis Methods for Fluorinated Carbon Nanofibres and Applications
,”
J. Fluor. Chem.
,
131
(
6
), pp.
676
683
.
21.
Guillén
,
M. D.
, and
Cabo
,
N.
,
1997
, “
Characterization of Edible Oils and Lard by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Relationships Between Composition and Frequency of Concrete Bands in the Fingerprint Region
,”
J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.
,
74
(
10
), pp.
1281
1286
.
22.
Yang
,
H.
,
Irudayaraj
,
J.
, and
Paradkar
,
M. M.
,
2005
, “
Discriminant Analysis of Edible Oils and Fats by FTIR, FT-NIR and FT-Raman Spectroscopy
,”
Food Chem.
,
93
(
1
), pp.
25
32
.
23.
Hernández-Martínez
,
M.
,
Gallardo-Velázquez
,
T.
, and
Osorio-Revilla
,
G.
,
2010
, “
Rapid Characterization and Identification of Fatty Acids in Margarines Using Horizontal Attenuate Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (HATR-FTIR)
,”
Eur. Food Res. Technol.
,
231
(
2
), pp.
321
329
.
24.
Vecchio
,
S.
,
Campanella
,
L.
,
Nuccilli
,
A.
, and
Tomassetti
,
M.
,
2008
, “
Kinetic Study of Thermal Breakdown of Triglycerides Contained in Extra-Virgin Olive oil
,”
J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
,
91
(
1
), pp.
51
56
.
25.
Garcia
,
C. C.
,
Franco
,
P. I. B. M.
,
Zuppa
,
T. O.
,
Filho
,
N. R. A.
, and
Leles
,
M. I. G.
,
2007
, “
Thermal Stability Studies of Some Cerrado Plant Oils
,”
J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
,
87
(
3
), pp.
645
648
.
26.
Santos
,
J. C. O.
,
Santos
,
I. M. G.
,
Conceiçao
,
M. M.
,
Porto
,
S. L.
,
Trindade
,
M. F. S.
,
Souza
,
A. G.
,
Prasad
,
S.
,
Fernades
,
V. J.
, and
Araujo
,
A. S.
,
2004
, “
Thermoanalytical, Kinetic and Rheological Parameters of Commercial Edible Vegetable Oils
,”
J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
,
75
(
2
), pp.
419
428
.
27.
Bahari
,
A.
,
Lewis
,
R.
, and
Slatter
,
T.
,
2018
, “
Friction and Wear Response of Vegetable Oils and Their Blends with Mineral Engine Oil in a Reciprocating Sliding Contact at Severe Contact Conditions
,”
Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part J
,
232
(
3
), pp.
244
258
.
28.
Fry
,
B. M.
,
Moody
,
G.
,
Spikes
,
H. A.
, and
Wong
,
J. S. S.
,
2020
, “
Adsorption of Organic Friction Modifier Additives
,”
Langmuir
,
36
(
5
), pp.
1147
1155
.
29.
Zhang
,
W.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Bonnet
,
P.
,
Kharbache
,
H.
,
Masin
,
F.
,
Thomas
,
P.
,
Mansot
,
J. L.
, and
Hamwi
,
A.
,
2010
, “
Fluorinated Nanocarbons Using Fluorinating Agent: Strategies of Fluorination and Applications
,”
Eur. Phys. J. B
,
75
(
2
), pp.
133
139
.
30.
Nomède-Martyr
,
N.
,
2010
,
Etude de l’influence d’un liquide organique sur les propriétés tribologiques de particules minérales
. vol.
678
.
31.
Nomede-Martyr
,
N.
,
Philippe
,
B.
,
Philippe
,
T.
,
Georges
,
M.
, and
Laurence
,
R.
,
2021
, “
Tribological Performances of Graphite and Hexagonal Boron Nitride Particles in the Presence of Liquid
,”
ASME J. Tribol.
,
143
(
7
), pp.
1
29
.
32.
Nomède-Martyr
,
N.
,
Disa
,
E.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Frezet
,
L.
, and
Hamwi
,
A.
,
2013
, “
Enhanced Concentration of Dispersed Carbon Nanofibres in Organic Solvents Through Their Functionalization by Fluorination
,”
J. Colloid Interface Sci.
,
400
, pp.
11
17
.
33.
Zeng
,
X.
,
Peng
,
Y.
,
Yu
,
M.
,
Lang
,
H.
,
Cao
,
X.
, and
Zou
,
K.
,
2018
, “
Dynamic Sliding Enhancement on the Friction and Adhesion of Graphene, Graphene Oxide, and Fluorinated Graphene
,”
ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
,
10
(
9
), pp.
8214
8224
.
34.
Hardy
,
W. B.
, and
Doubleday
,
I.
,
1922
, “
Boundary Lubrication
,”
The Paraffin Series. Proc. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
,
100
, pp.
550
574
.
35.
Crespo
,
A.
,
Morgado
,
N.
,
Mazuyer
,
D.
, and
Cayer-Barrioz
,
J.
,
2018
, “
Effect of Unsaturation on the Adsorption and the Mechanical Behavior of Fatty Acid Layers
,”
Langmuir
,
34
(
15
), pp.
4560
4567
.
36.
Ferrari
,
A. C.
,
Meyer
,
J.
,
Scardaci
,
V.
,
Casiraghi
,
C
,
Lazzeri
,
M
,
Mauri
,
F
,
Piscanec
,
S
,
Jiang
,
D
,
Novoselov
,
K.S.
,
Roth
,
S
, and
Geim
,
A.K.
,
2006
, “
Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers
,”
Phys. Rev. Lett.
,
97
.
37.
Tunistra
,
F.
, and
Koening
,
J. L.
,
1970
, “
Raman Spectrum of Graphite
,”
J. Chem. Phys.
,
53
(
1126
).
38.
Delbé
,
K.
,
Thomas
,
P.
,
Himmel
,
D.
,
Mansot
,
J. L.
,
Dubois
,
M.
,
Guérin
,
K.
,
Delabarre
,
C.
, and
Hamwi
,
A.
,
2010
, “
Tribological Properties of Room Temperature Fluorinated Graphite Heat-Treated Under Fluorine Atmosphere
,”
Tribol. Lett.
,
37
(
1
), pp.
31
41
.
You do not currently have access to this content.